Tuesday, December 11, 2012

Emmy Noether.

     Today I will talk something about a very famous female mathematician-Emmy Noether
     Amalie Emmy Noether ,sometimes referred to as Emily or Emmy, was an influential German mathematician known for her groundbreaking contributions to abstract algebra and theoretical phisics. Described by Pavel Alexanderov, Albert Einstein, Jean Dieudonne, Hermann Weil, Norbert Wiener and others as the most important woman in the history of mathematics,she revolutionized the theories of rings ,fields and algebra. In physics, Noether's theorem  explains the fundamental connection between symmetry and conservation laws.
     Noether's mathematical work has been divided into three "epochs".
     In the first (1908–1919), she made significant contributions to the theories of algebraic invariants and number fields Her work on differential invariants in the calculus of variations and Noether's theorem, has been called "one of the most important mathematical theorems ever proved in guiding the development of modern physics".
     In the second epoch, (1920–1926), she began work that "changed the face of [abstract] algebra". In her classic paper Idealtheorie in Ringbereichen (Theory of Ideals in Ring Domains, 1921) Noether developed the theory of ideals on commutative rings into a powerful tool with wide-ranging applications. She made elegant use of the ascanding chain in condition, and objects satisfying it are named Noetherian in her honor. 
     In the third epoch, (1927–1935), she published major works on noncommutative algebras and hypercomplex numbers and united representation theory of groups with the theory of modules and ideals. In addition to her own publications, Noether was generous with her ideas and is credited with several lines of research published by other mathematicians, even in fields far removed from her main work, such as algebraic topology.
     I first got to know Noether also in my second year in university.When I was learning abstract algebra,I learned a very special kind of ring,which satisfies the ascending condition,and this special kind of ring is named after Noether. From that time I began to know about this great female mathematician.She really made a lot of progress in abstract and theoretical physics as a female.She wasn't only a good researcher,but also taught a lot of great students.She is so great that I have great respect for her.

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